as referring to Peter’s confession rather than to a conferral of a unique ecclesiological status, so that, as Origen observed, every follower of Christ who makes the same good confession becomes a Peter. Historically, it became clear that the many and various appeals to fathers as renowned as Tertullian, Cyprian, Origen, Chrysostom, and the Cappadocians could establish a strong case against any claims for Petrine primacy.25 Of special import were the canons of the ecumenical councils. Canon 6 of